CBSE Set Qa1 Social Science Sample Test Papers For Class 10th for students online

Social Science Class - X  (CBSE)
You are on answers 1 to 7 of Set I

 Section `A' - History

Q1.What is referred to as 'paper partition' in the colonisation of Africa? (2)
Ans. 1 Different European powers entered into agreements/treaties often fraudulent and bogus) with the rulers of African States and brought their states as their `Protectorates' with a promise to support them against their rivals. Through these treaties, they obtained recognition of other European powers and the process of occupation began without any hindrance from them. This position is referred to as `paper partition' as the actual partition took much longer and was accomplished by the use of the superior military might of the European Powers to suppress the resistance by the Africans.

Q 2.Name the political parties of Russia that represented the industrial workers. How did they differ in heir policies? (2)
Ans. 2 The industrial workers of Russia were mainly represented through the `Bolsheviks' and the `Mensheviks' . The Bolsheviks were the majority group of the workers who believed in the revolutionary methods for bringing about changes in the society and the state. In their opinion, the parliamentary methods would not be able to bring about any changes in a country like Russia where no democratic rights existed and where there was no parliament. On the other hand, Mensheviks believed in parliamentary methods and participation in elections for running the state and the society. They were in he minority. They favoured parties as were existing in France and Germany which took part in elections to the legislature of their countries.

Q 3.Which were the countries that signed the Anti-comintern pact? Why was this Pact signed? (2)
Ans. 3 Anti-Comintern pact was signed between Germany, Italy and Japan in 1937 with an aim to check the expansion of communism in the world. They also pledged to follow an aggressive policy for the expansion of territories.

Q4.Mention any two aims of the Wood's Despatch? (2)
Ans. 4 One of the advances made by the British Government in the spread of education was the Wood's Dispatch in 1854.

(a) Under this Dispatch, the government undertook to pay more attention to the spread of education. Local languages along with English were made the media of instruction at the school stage and English at the college stage.

(b) The aim of education as stated by the dispatch was the spread of western culture which would seek to foster and promote loyalty to the state among Indian students and prepare them for administrative responsibilities.

Q 5.Describe how the Moroccan Crises led to the First World War ? (4)
Ans. 5 In 1904 Britain and France had entered into a Secret agreement according to which Britain was to have a free hand in Egypt and France was to take over Morocco. The agreement became known to Germany and aroused her indignation.

The German emperor promised the sultan of morocco his full support for the independence of morocco. The
antagonism over morocco increased existing tensions in Europe, and became a cause of the First World War.

OR


Q 5.Describe the effects of the First World War on Austria - Hungary? (4)
Ans. 5 The first World War came to an end in November 1918. Great changes took place in the maps of the defeated countries like Germany, Austria, Hungary, Turkey and Bulgaria. They were deprived of much of their territories which were distributed among the victors. The effects of the war on Austria - Hungary were no different. The ruling dynasty of Habsburg in Austria - Hungary was destroyed. Austria - Hungary was forced to sign a separate treaty (of St. German) with the Allies by which she had to accept the following conditions:

(a) Austria - Hungary was broken up and two separate kingdoms of Austria and Hungary were set up.

(b) Austria had to cede territories to Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia and Poland and was forced to accept their independence.

(c) Italy gained Tyrol from Austria.

(d) Austrian Army was reduced to 30,000 men while Hungarian army was reduced to 45,000 men.

(e) Both Austria and Hungary had to pay a huge war indemnity.

(f) Hungarian area was reduced from 1,25,000 Sq. miles to 35,000 Sq. miles.

Q 6.Why was the Spanish Civil War fought ? Why did it assume international significance? (4)
Ans. 6 The Spanish Civil war broke out in 1936 when a section of army under General France revolved against the Republican Government of Spain comprising of the socialists, communists and other democratic and anti-fascist parties. Italy and Germany helped the rebels openly by supplying arms and troops. The German aircraft's conducted air-raids on Spanish towns and villages. None of the big powers except Soviet Union came to help the Republican Government.

However thousands of anti-fascist volunteers including famous writers and artists from all over the world supported the cause of the `Republicans'. The battle in Spain assumed an international significance as it was increasingly realised that the victory of fascism in Spain would encourage more fascist aggressions. It became more like an international protest against the fascist aggression. The sacrifice of their lives by thousands of non-spaniards in Spain in the cause of freedom and democracy is one of the finest examples of the internationalism in history.

OR

Q 6.Trace the events after the end of the Second World War that led to the Cold War? (4)
Ans. 6 The co-operation and understanding that existed between Russia and western powers during the Second World War began to evaporate after the war and mutual distrust and suspicion began to appear which led to bitter feelings and tension between the two sides.

(1) American and British fear of Communism: - The rowing strength of communism in various parts of the world especially Eastern Europe, alarmed USA and Britain who then aimed at following a policy to curb its growth.

(2) Trueman Doctrine :- U.S. President Trueman declared in 1947 that U.S. would support such people who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or outside pressure. The chief aim of this doctrine was to protect the independent nations from communist aggression, to preserve the balance of power, to check the expansion of Russia's influence over Middle East and the Balkan area. This doctrine accelerated the already existing hostility between America and Russia and proved the chief cause of cold war.

(3) Setting up of Military blocs:- The growing tension in the world was worsened by the setting up of military alliances. In 1949, North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) was formed for defence against the Soviet Union. SEATO and CENTO were formed for similar objectives. To counteract them Russia and her friendly states established the WARSAW Pact. The tension between the two sides thus increased.

(4) Race for Armaments :- Initially, America alone had the monopoly of atomic power. She was not ready to share her atomic secrets with Russia. It roused mutual fear and distrust for each other. But soon the first Russian atomic explosion took place in 1949. Then started the race for armaments between them. After 1953, both developed hydrogen bombs, long-range bombers, rockets and inter-continental missiles, etc.

Q 7. Explain the ills of Indian society in the eighteenth Century? (4)
Ans. 7 India of the 18th century failed to make progress economically, socially or culturally at an adequate pace.

(a) Economic conditions :- Indian agriculture was technically backward and stagnant. The peasant's life was miserable as he had to bear the oppression of the landlords and nobles. Constant warfare and disruption of law and order harmed the internal and external trade. The profits made by the Indian merchants were not used to develop industries. India had become a land of contrasts. Extreme poverty existed side by side with extreme riches and luxury. While towns and cities developed as administrative and commercial centres, different villages led a life of isolation.

(b) Social conditions :- Despite certain broad cultural unity developed over the centuries, there was no uniformity of culture and social patterns all over the country caste was the central feature of the social life of the Hindus. Monopolisation of all privileges by Brahmins, ban on inter caste marriages and inter dining and the practice of untouchability bred disunity and checked progress. The family system being patriarchal, the condition of women was equally bad. The social ills of child marriage, purdah system, sati system, dowry system, etc. prevailed. The Muslims were no less divided by the considerations of caste, race, tribe and status. As such, their process was also restarted.

(c) Political conditions :- The political system presented an equally dismal picture. Political loyalties were primarily local or regional. The Mughal power had declined and no other power came forward to replace it. The Marathas who emerged as a strong power had no concept of a `nation' as we understand it today. Their defeat in the Third battle of Panipat in 1761 doomed their fate in India.

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Q 7.Explain the contribution of Swami Vivekananda to the Indian reform movement? (4)
Ans. 7 Swami Vivekananda founded the Ramakrishna Mission in 1896 to propagate the teachings of his master Ramakrishna Paramhansa. He made the following contributions in the sphere of socio-religious reforms.

(a) He proclaimed the essential oneness of all religious and condemned any narrowness in religious matters.

(b) He was convinced of the superior approach of the Indian philosophical radiation and subscribed to Vedanta which he declared to be a fully rational system.

(c) He strongly condemned the caste system and the current Hindu emphasis on rituals and superstitions.

(d) He condemned and preached against untouchability.

(e) Being a great humanist, he urged the people to imbibe the spirit of liberty, equality and free thinking.

(f) Through Ramakrishna Mission he set up many educational institutions, hospitals and dispensaries, libraries, orphanages, etc.

(g) He thus laid emphasis not on personal salvation but on social good or social service.

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