CBSE Set Qa3 Social Science Sample Test Papers For Class 10th for students online

Q16) Under what conditions can a state of emergency be declared in India? What is the role of the President during emergency?
Ans16) The President is empowered to declare emergency in the following three conditions:-
(1) Emergency caused by war or external aggression or armed rebellion. In such a situation, the Parliament enacts laws for the entire country. The fundamental rights of the citizens are suspended & the administration takes the unitary form of government.
(2) Emergency on account of the failure of constitutional machinery in states. If the Governor of a state reports to the President that the Government of the state can not be run according to the constitutional provisions, then the President can declare a state of emergency. In such a situation, the legislative Assembly of the state is dissolved & the administration is carried on by the Governor as per the directives of the President.
(3) Emergency on account of a threat to financial stability or credit of India. Consequent of this proclamation the President can reduce the pay & allowances of the government servants.
In all the above cases, the President cannot act in an Arbitrary manner. The power given to the President to declare Emergency shall not be exercised unless the decision of the Union Cabinet has been communicated to him in writing. Moreover, every such Proclamation is required to be laid before each House of the Parliament.

OR

Describe briefly the powers & functions of the supreme court of India. What steps can it take to protect the Fundamental Rights of the citizens? (Marks 6)
Ans. The jurisdiction of the supreme Court of India is very extensive. Its powers & functions are detailed below:
(1) Original Jurisdiction - It means the hearing of those cases which cannot be moved in any other court than the supreme court. This includes the following cases (i) A dispute between the Government of India & the states, (ii) the cases in which on the one side the Union Government & one or more states & on the other side one & moe states are involved, (iii) A dispute between two or more states.
(2) Appellate jurisdiction - This involves the following cases - (i) Constitutional cases - if the High Court gives a certificate to the effect that the case involves the interpretation of constitution, then on appeal against the judgment of the High Court will lie to the supreme Court, (ii) Civil Cases - Appeals can lie to the supreme Court in all the civil cases provided that the High Court gives a certificate to the effect that a matter of public importance or that of substantive question of law is involved, (iii) Criminal cases - The following cases do not require the certificate of the High Court (a) Any case in which the High Court has reversed the judgment of acquittal given by the lower Court & has punished the accused to death sentence (b) Any case in which the High Court has withdrawn for trial before itself any case from the subordinate Court & has convicted the accused & sentenced him to death.
(3) Advisory Jurisdiction - President has the authority to seek advice of the Supreme Court on any question of law. But the supreme Court cannot be compelled to give the advice & it is not obligatory for the President to follow the advice of the Supreme Court.
(4) Court of Record - Being the highest Court of land, its judgments & directions are preserved as a record This record has taken the form of "precedents". Its judgments are binding on all the courts of India & applicable to all similar cases.
(5) Protector of Fundamental Rights - The supreme Court is the protector of Fundamental Rights. It possesses power to issue various directions & writs which are as follows - Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Quo Warranto & Certiorari. By issuing these Writs the Supreme Court directs the officers & the courts to remain within the bounds of their jurisdiction. Any citizen whose fundamental rights have been violated may move the Supreme Court for the enforcement of the rights.

Section C - GEOGRAPHY

Q17) In the given outline map of India, locate the following with appropriate symbols & write the name of each item near its location. (Marks 5x1=5)
17.1) Western Ghats
17.2) River Krishna
17.3) Coffee Producing Area
17.4) Bombay High
17.5) Calcutta Port
Ans17)

Note- The following question is for Blind Candidates only in lieu of Q17

Q17.1) Which side of the Western Ghats has steep slope?
Q17.2) Name the bay in which river krishna drains its water.
Q17.3) Name the state which produces the most coffee.
Q17.4) Where is 'Bombay High ' located?
Q17.5) How far is Calcutta Port from the sea coast?
Ans17.1) Southern side.
Ans17.2) Bay of Bengal
Ans17.3) Karnataka
Ans17.4) Bombay High is located in the Arabian sea near the off-shore of Mumbai.
Ans17.5) About 80 miles (128Kms)

Q18)  Table: Production of fertilizers (in tonnes)

Study the table given above & answer the following questions:
Q18.1) The consumption of fertilizers per hectare has increased by how many times in 1988-89 in comparison to 1950-51 (Marks 1)
Q18.2) Mention the total quantity of fertilizers (including produced & imported) available to farmers during 1986-87. (Marks 1)
Ans18.1) The consumption of fertilizers per hectare has increased 4.7(or 5 times) in 1988-89 in comparison to 1950-51.
Ans18.2) Total quantity of fertilizers available to farmers during 1889-87 was 81,70,000 tonnes.

Note:-The following question is for Blind Candidates only in lieu of Q18.

Q18) Why is consumption of fertilizers per hectare in agriculture in India increasing year by year? Give two reasons for it. (Marks 2)
Ans18) The consumption of fertilizers per hectare in agriculture is increasing because:-
(i) Being continuously under plough, the land is losing its natural fertility. Fertilizers provides strength for cultivation.
(2) Demand of food-grains is constantly increasing thereby putting pressure on the land for more production.

Q19)

Study the above bar diagram carefully & answer the following questions:
Q19.1) Name two countries where the average size of the landholdings is smaller than that of India. (Marks 1)
Q19.2) Compare & contrast merits & demerits of landholdings in India with that of France with reference to mechanisation in farming. (Marks 1)
Ans19.1) Japan & Zaire are two countries where the average size of the landholdings is smaller than that of India.
Ans19.2) Average size of land holdings in France is 10 times that of India. Indian formers cannot mechanise their farms because of (i) small holdings (ii) economic reasons & (iii) abundance of cheap manual labour.

Note:- The following question is for Blind candidates only in lieu of Q19.

Q19) Write two differences between intensive & extensive forming. (Marks 2)
Ans19) (i) Intensive agriculture is the one in which the agriculturalist produces more by working hard & making use of the better agricultural means on the same fields over & over again. Extensive agriculture is the one in which the agriculturalist tries to get the greatest output by brining more & more new areas under plough or farming. (2) Intensive agriculture is taken up in thickly populated areas where land is also limited. Extensive farming is taken up in sparsely populated areas where land is in abundance.

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