CBSE Set Qa1 Social Science Sample Test Papers For Class 10th for students online

Section A - HISTORY

Q1) Mention two positive effects of imperialism on the colonies of Asia. (Marks 2)
Ans1) The imperialist conquests & their continuance in Asia, Africa & South America for over a century left a deep impact on the life & culture of the people in these countries.
(a) The imperialist countries imposed western education on these people to get their help in carrying out the local administration this western education gave these people access to the 19th century democratic ideas of equality & liberty of the European thinkers & their scientific views.
(b) The imperialist powers has established some industries in the colonies in order to exploit their natural resources for their own benefits. But these industries, subsequently proved a boon to the industrial development & growth of these colonies.

Q2) Why was Czar Nicholas II of Russia unpopular? Give two reasons. (Marks 2)
Ans2) The Czar was unpopular among the people of Russia because of the following Reasons:-
(a) The Czar was an autocratic & self-willed ruler. All the administrative powers of the state were vested in him he ignored the public welfare. The privileged class got special rights while the general public has no say in the government. The bureaucracy was corrupt & against any reforms.
(b) The Czar had established a vast empire comprising different nationalities but these were always restive under the Czar's rule. His imperialist designs brought him into direct conflict with other imperialist powers The vast expenses incurred on them & the financial burdens thrusted on the people, further turned them against the Czar & his inefficient government.

Q3) Who was Sun-Yat-Sen? What was his major contribution? (Marks 2)
Ans3) Dr. Sun-Yat-Sen played a leading role in the national awakening of the Chinese people & uniting the various revolutionary groups together. He was the President of the Chinese Revolutionary League Propounded. 3 Principles of Nationalism, Democracy & Livelihood. He played an important role in 1911 revolution & in 1917 in setting up a Government at Canton in south China.

Q4) Mention two major contributions of Surenderanath Banerjea. (Marks 2)
Ans4) S.N. Banerjea took an active part in the freedom movement of India
(1) To fight against the wrong policies of the British & injustice, he founded the Indian Association in 1876. Ist object was to educate the people, to create strong public opinion in the country, to arouse political consciousness & unity among the people & to include the masses in the public movements of the day.
(2) He also started agitation against the License Act, Arms Act, Vernacular Press Act & against lowering the Age from 21 to 19 years to appear in I.C.S. Examination. He organised popular demonstrations for protecting the poor peasants against the exploitation & oppression of the Zamindars.

Q5) What was the effect of the First World War on Turkey? (Marks 2)
Ans5) The effects of the First World War on Turkey were very miserable. Turkey was forced to sign the Treaty of Serves by which she was compelled to accept the following terms:-

1. This treaty led to the dismemberment of he Turkish empire. Syria & Lebanon were handed over to France while England got Palestine and Mesopotamia.

2. England also gained the Control of Egypt from Turkey.

3. Most of the remaining Turkish territories were shared by Greece & Italy.

4. Hejaz became an independent state. The loss of Arab territories by the Ottomans had been inevitable.

The Treaty of Serves, however, could not be put into practice because there was a revolution in Turkey under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Pasha whereby Turkey regained the control of Asia Minor and the city of constantinople.

Q6) When was the UN Conference held? Mention the main aims, organs & two specialised agencies of the UN.
Ans6) The setting up of the United Nations Organisation was one of the most important consequences of the Second World war. Early in 1945, the heads of Britain, USA & Soviet Union met at Yalta & took a decision to set up a new organisation to replace League of Nations. Subsequently a conference was held at San Francisco, USA from 25 April 1945 attended by 50 nations. On 26 June 1945 the Conference adopted the United Nations charter The main aims of UNO include:-
(a) To Maintain international peace & security
(b) To develop friendly relations among nations
(c) To achieve international cooperation in solving international economic, Social, cultural & humanitarian problems.
(d) To promote respect for human rights, dignity & freedom.
The principal organs of UNO are :-
(i) General Assembly
(ii) Security Council
(iii) Economic & social Council
(iv) Trusteeship Council
(v) International Court of Justice 
(vi) Secretariat
Two of its specialised agencies are :
(i) UNICEF - United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund
(ii) UNESCO - United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation.

OR

List the main aims of the Non Aligned Movement. What is the relevance of the movement in the present world? (Marks 4)
Ans. The main aims of the Non Aligned movement include:-
(a) The new independent states avoid alignment to preserve their independence because they are militarily & economically weak.
(b) Colonialism & imperialism have encouraged the spirit of exploitation, so every attempt is made by the non-aligned countries to end colonialism & imperialism.
(c) The non-aligned countries kept themselves away from the power blocs & tried to shift the balance of power in favour of peace.
(d) The NAM is against the spirit of fighting. It has full faith in cooperation & peaceful co-existence.
(e) The non-aligned countries have firm faith in the principle of equality. They condemn racial discrimination as negation of humanity.
The expressions of doubts about the relevance of NAM have become stronger after the collapse of the Soviet Union and the socialist bloc. In this post-cold war era, the summits of NAM were held in Jakarta 1992, Columbia 1995 & Durban 1998, where the NAM members genuinely committed to find out new validity, direction & relevance to the movement & India is the main actor in this regard.
Even in this post-cold war era, NAM projected as a strong movement for the promotion of the international peace & creation of a nuclear weapon free world order The NAM helps in protecting the interests of developing countries in the new world saturations, by focusing upon the issues of development, disarmament, environment, human rights & restructuring the UN. In this era of globalization & privatization, truly the movement played a significant role in rectifying the growing defects of the global economic system. Free trade is a major concern for the developing countries in this changed scenario. The movement plays a significant role for uniform application of trade regulations without any discriminations. It has also taken its concrete stand against poverty, hunger, illiteracy, racial discrimination, high debt servicing inequitable order, unequal economic order, terrorism, nuclear weapon, environmental degradation & any from of colonialism. Thus, it can be said that NAM is even more relevant today than it was at any time in the past.

Q7) Explain four major contributions of Swami Vivekananda in the improvement of national life.
Ans7) Swami Vivekananda founded the Ramakrishna Mission in 1896 to propagate the teaching of his master Ramakrishna Paramhansa. Ramakrishna Mission of Swami Vivekananda made the following contributions in the spheres of social & Religious reforms:-
(i) Vivekananda stressed on social action. Knowledge unaccompanied by action in the actual world in which we live is useless, he said. He proclaimed the essential oneness of all religions & condemned any narrowness in religious matters.
(2) Vivekananda condemned the caste system & the current Hindu emphasis on rituals & superstitions.
(3) He preached humanism & urged the people to imbibe the spirit of equality, liberty & free. thinking.
(4) He was convinced of the superior approach of the Indian philosophical tradition. He himself subscribed to vedanta which he declared to be a fully rational system. He criticised Indians for having lost touch with the rest of the world & become stagnant & mummified.

OR

What was the impact of social reform movements on the emancipation of Indian women?
(Marks 4)
Ans. The modern reform movements laid much stress on the pitiable condition of women & tried to improve their plight. Chief among them were Raja Rammohan Roy who founded the Brahmo Samaj & laid stress on women's education & the widow remarriage. He also gave suggestions to Lord William Bentinck to prohibit the Sati system by law.
Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar founded many educational institutions, encouraged widow remarriage & started the movement against the child marriage.
Swami Dayanand Saraswati founded the Arya Samaj & laid stress on equality of both the sexes & advocated the education of women. He also campaigned against the Sati system & the female infanticide.
Sir Syed Ahmad Khan Demanded a ban on the purdah system & polygamy in the Muslim society. He called the custom of an easy divorce, by simple repeating thrice the world divorce, as an injustice to women & devoid of all logic. He also advocated education for the Muslim women.
To some extent the efforts of the religious & social reformers of the 19th century provided solace to the poor women. Educational institutions, exclusively for women, were opened. Polyganmy was looked down upon & the widow remarriage was accepted. The Sati System & the child marriage were legally banned. Female infanticide was also prohibited by Law. Now the purdah system also was despised. Unless all these evils were totally eradicated neither education could spread among women nor they could take part in other fields of life.

Q8) How did the developments in Europe between 1922-39 which created conditions for the second world War.
Ans. 8) A number of developments took place between 1922-39 which created conditions for the second world war.
(i) Treaty of Versailles -The Treaty of Versailles failed to ensure justice the terms of the treaty were very harsh, severe, disgracing & humiliating. It was an imposed Treaty. However with the coming up of Nazism & Fascism, the Treaty of Versailles was abrogated. This created conditions for the second world War.
(2) Rise of Fascism & Nazism - Italy & Germany emerged as the two fascist powers they abrogated the provisions of Treaty of versailles. The aggressive plicy followed by germany, Italy & Japan, was also responsible for the outbreak of Second World War.
(3) Policy of Appeasement - France & England followed the policy of appeasement towards the fascist powers. They thought that the fascist powers would check the rise of communism. As a result, Japan invaded China & occupied manchuria in 1931, Italy invaded Ethiopia in 1935, Fascist forces destroyed democracy in Spain in 1936, Germany invaded Austria in 1938 & occupied it, Germany occupied Sudetenland in 1938 & the entire Czechoslovakia in 1939. But these fascist powers were not checked in time & finally with the German invasion of Poland the Second world War started.
(4) Weakness of the League of nations - The League of Nations could not take action against the fascist countries. It did not have its own armed force nor did USA join it. As it is, the fascist powers had no problems in ignoring it.
(5) Militarism in Europe - The militarism was bound to result in an armed conflict. The League of Nations could not control the war of weapons.
(6) The Munich Pact & Invasion of Poland - The Prime Ministers of England & France met Hittler & Mussolini at Munich in Germany on 29th & 30th September 1938 & agreed to Germany's terms of occupying Sudetenland. Soon, Germany occupied not only Sudetenland but also the entire Czechoslovakia by March 1939. However, Germany's attack on Poland in 1939 Forced both England & France to give up the policy of appeasement & to declare war against Germany on 3rd September, 1939.

OR

Discuss the steps taken by the Soviet Union to emerge as a major economic power, after the First world War. (Marks 6)
Ans. The First World War had totally ravaged the economy of Russia. The government had resorted to 'War communism' to prevent a total collapse. Handed estates had been confiscated & distributed to peasants but all that the peasants produced beyond their minimum essential requirements was appropriated by the government to feed the rest of the population. Whatever was produced by industries was distributed to workers & other people to meet their minimum essential requirements in lieu of wages. These measures led to widespread discontent & in some places there were revolts.
In 1921, a new policy, called the New Economic Policy (NEP), was adopted & the measures adopted under war communism were withdrawn. Peasant control over their produce was restored, salaries were paid in cash, trade in goods was reopened, & efforts were made to rehabilitate the economy. In some industries, private management was introduced & many small industries were allowed to remain in private hands. A large number of cooperatives were set up. The NEP helped the economy to recover to the pre-war level & laid the foundations of further development. This policy remained in force till 1928.
The first Five year Plan was launched in 1929 & the second in 1934. By the time Second world War started, Soviet Russia had become a strong industrialized & military power. This was achieved by mobilizing her own internal resources entirely under the auspices of the State & under state ownership. Whatever privat enterprises existed during the period of the NEP had also been taken over by the state, X private ownership of & control over industry & trade had become non-existent. Vast changes took place in the agricultural sector which while helping the modernization of agriculture with the help of machines & tractors, had disastrous consequences in human terms. Vast State Farms were set up & the Rest of the farmlands were collectivized. The individual small holdings of the peasants were brought together & collective farms, called kolkhozes, were set up. By the end of the 1930s, almost all land was brought under collective forms, & the peasants worked collectively on the state farms. This was often done by adopting measures of extreme coercion. The class of rich peasants was eliminated.

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