CBSE Set Qa4 Social Science Sample Test Papers For Class 10th for students online

Social Science Class - X  (CBSE)
You are on answers 17 to 29 of Set I

SECTION - C GEOGRAPHY

Q 17. In the given outline map of India, locate the following carefully with appropriate symbols and write the name of each item near its location:
17.1 Vindhyas Range (5X1=5)
17.2 Capital of Jammu & Kashmir with its name.
17.3 Hirakund Dam
17.4 Main Coffee producing area
17.5 Mumbai Port.
Ans. 17

Note : The following question is for Blind candidates only in lieu of Q.No. 17.

Q 17.1 What type of mountain range is the Vindhyas?
Ans. Vindhyas are old fold mountains or Block mountains.

Q17.2 Name the Capital of Jammu & Kashmir state.
Ans. Srinagar is the capital of Jammu & Kashmir.

Q17.3 Name the river on which Hirakund Dam has been built.
Ans. Hirakund Dam has been built on river Mahanadi.

Q17.4 Which state is the leading producer of coffee in India.
Ans. Karnataka is the leading producer of coffee in India.

Q17.5 On which coast of India is Mumbai port situated?
Ans. West Coast.

Q 18. Study the data given below carefully and answer the following questions: (2X1=2)
Ans. 18 Station Latitude Height above Mean Monthly Temperature Average Mean Sea Level (in °C) Annual Rainfall

Q 18.1 Name the coldest station. Also name the station located in the South of Tropic of Cancer.
Ans. Leh is the coldest station. Trivandrum is located in the South of Tropic of Cancer.

Q18.2 Name the station which receives precipitation in the form of rainfall and snowfall as well. Write annual amount of precipitation of the same station.
Ans. Leh receives precipitation in the form of rainfall and snowfall. The annual amount of precipitation of Leh is 85mm.

Note: The following question is for Blind candidates only in Lieu of Q.No.18.

Q 18. "Western Rajasthan receives less rains'. Write two reasons. (2)
Ans. 18 There is low rainfall in Western Rajasthan because:
(a) There is no relief or obstruction to check the Arabian Sea branch of the south-west monsoons. The Aravalli Hills lie parallel to the direction of these winds as such they by pass Rajasthan unchecked without giving any rain.

(b) By the time the Bay of Bengal branch of south-west monsoon reaches Rajasthan it is devoid of most of its moisture. Whatever is left showers on the windward side of Aravallis and the Leeward side or the western Rajasthan is left dry.

Q19. Study the diagram given below carefully and answer the following questions: (2X1=2) Rainfall & Temperature in Chennai




Q19.1 Name the rainiest month. Also name the climatic season in which this month falls.
Ans. Rainiest month is November. It fall in the period of retreating monsoons.

Q19.2 What is the mean monthly temperature in May? How much more is it than that of July?
Ans. The mean monthly temperature in May is 33°C which is 20°C higher than July.

Note: The following question is for Blind Candidates only in lieu of Q.No. 19.

Q19. 'Chennai gets more rainfall in winter than summer'. Give two reasons.
Ans. Chennai lies on the Eastern Coast of Indian mainland. It does not get rainfall from the Bay of Bengal branch of the south-west monsoon as it lies parallel to it. It does not get rainfall from the Arabian sea branch either as it lies on the leeward side of western Ghats. Therefore, the summers are generally devoid of rainfall.
However, during winter, the winds blow from land to the sea and take a north- earterly direction. They blow over the Bay of Bengal and picks up moisture from there and cause rainfall in Chennai during the months of October and November.

Q20. Write two differences between 'glacier' and 'river'. Name one glacier lying in Uttar Pradesh. Also name the river rising from this glacier. (2+1/2+1/2=3)
Ans.20 GLACIER RIVER

(a) Glacier is a forzen, river of (a) River is a large fast flowing stream ice, found in high latitudes of water whose speed depends on and high altitudes, that moves on the slop at a very slow speed.

(b) They give rise to U-shaped valley (b) They give rise to V-shaped valleys.
and perennial rivers.

Gangotri glacier Lies in Uttar Pradesh. It gives rise to River Ganga.

Q 21. Write three measures to conserve eco-system (3)
Ans. 21In order to conserve the eco-system -
(a) Cutting of trees indiscriminately should be stopped and afforestation on a large scale should be adopted.
(b) Pollution levels should be under control. This includes smoke of factories, waste of cities, nuclear wastes, sewage etc.
(c) Animals should not be hunted down for fun. This will lead to disruption of the food cycle which is harmful for the humans as well. More sancturies, National Parks & Biosphere Reserves should be developed in order to preserve the wild life.

Q 22. Name two agro-based industries, except sugar industry. The sugar industry is now shifting from north to south. Mention two reasons for it. (1+2=3)
Ans. 22 Two agro based industries are cotton textiles industry and vegetable oil industry. Sugar industry is now shifting from north to south because of the following reasons:-
(a) The sugar content in sugarcanes is 10.5% higher in Southern states than in
the north.
(b) It is a seasonal industry and is suited to the cooperative sector which is better organised in the South.

Q 23(i) Explain two measures to stop increase in the area of waste land. (2X1=2)
Ans. 23 (i) To stop increase in the area of waste land the following measures can be adopted.
(a) stop deforestation - this will check desertification and soil erosion.
(b) Better farming techniques to check soil erosion which is otherwise turning arable lands intowastelands.

Q 23(ii) Explain with two reasons how Damodar Valley Project has helped in managing water
resources of river Damodar. (2x1=2)
Ans.23(ii) Damodar Valley Project has helped in managing water resources of river Damodar in the following ways:
(a) Dams have been constructed on river Damodar and its tributaries to store flood water and to control their flow and to use the water for irrigation and navigation.
(b) The water stored is used for generating hydel power.

Q 24(i) Distinguish between thermal power and water power. Explain two points. (2x1=2)
Ans.24(i) Thermal Power Water Power

(a) Thermal power is generated from (a) Hydel poweris generated from turbines run by using the steam turbines run by the use of produced by coal, fossil fuels, running water. petroleum etc.

(b) These resources are exhaustible (b) Water has the advantage of and non-replenishable. Moreover annual replenishment. Moreover, they cause pollution. is free of pollution.

Q 24(ii) Annual production of gold has been dwindling in India. Explain giving two reasons for it. (2x1=2)
Ans. 24(ii) Annual production of gold has been dwindling in India because:
(a) The reserves of gold are very small. Much of the gold ore has already been exhausted and there is very little left to be mined. The mining of gold has been in progress for a long time.

(b) The gold mines are very deep and technology for gold extraction is poor. The cost factor for extraction and recovery of gold has gone up.

Q 25. 'Green Revolution has made India self-sufficient in the production of cereals.' Explain giving four points for it. (4x1=4)
Ans. 25 The breakthrough that India achieved in increasing agricultural productivity is popularly known as the 'Green Revolution'. It has made India self-sufficient in the production of cereals.

1. In areas where Green Revolution has taken place, farmers use 100% HYV seeds for wheat and 95% for rice.

2. The cereals are grown in areas where 88% net sown area and over 90% of the gross sown area is under irrigation. The consumption of fertilizers is quite high.

3. The farmers are able to grow two crops in a year. Thus, the production of wheat and rice is high. The surplus (over 85% of rice and over 57% of wheat) is procured by state Agencies.

4. Agricultural production came about only by an increase in yield per hectare. The index number of productivity inagriculture increased from 89.9 in 1965-66 to 156 in 1991-92, indicating an increase of about 100% in productivity over the period, which is byno standard a mean achievement.

Q 26. Discuss rail transport briefly under the following heads. (5X1=5)
Ans. (i) INTENSIVE UTILIZATION OF TRACK
Indian railwayswere in a bad shape at the time of independence. It made good progress after 1947. As far as running track is concerned it was significantly increased. Not only additional lines on the already existing busy routes were laid but many new lines were also laid.

(ii) MODERNISATION OF RAILWAYS
Railways are being modernised in many ways. In place of steam engines, diesel and electric engines have been introduced. Railway coaches have been improved and more and better sleeper have been introduced. Railways have also introduced multi-channel microwave link for fast and reliable communication and have introduced automatic signalling system to prevent rail accidents.

(iii) COMPUTER RESERVATION
In metropolitan cities, computer reservation system has been introduced. More people can be served. Hustle-free service and surety of ticket is assured. This system also helps to check corruption.

(iv) LONG DISTANCE SUPER-FAST TRAIN
Many super-fast trains, like Rajdhani Express, Guwahati Express, Trivandrum Express Shatabdi etc. have been introduced which cover long distances with a speed of over 100 Km/hour. They have saved much time and botheration.

(v) SHIFT IN THE UTILIZATION POLICY OF LOCOMOTIVES
Steam engines are being replaced by diesel and electric engines. An earnest effort has been made to get the railway tracks electrified, thereby reducing the burden of having to carry coal for themselves. Electrification ensures more speed and double carrying capacity. It provides cleaner as well as faster travel.

SECTION - D - ECONOMICS

Q 27. Briefly write the goals given in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution. (3x1=3)
Ans. 27 The Preamble to the Indian Constitution lays emphasis on the following goals:-
(a) Democracy - It means that every citizen enjoys equal political rights and the country, is governed by such representatives who are elected by the people.

(b) Socialism - It stresses on the resolve of the nation to strive for socialism that enviages equitable distribution of national income to all sections of the people. The 24th Amendment lays down that the term 'socialism' means that there is freedom from all types of exploitation - social, political and economic.

(c) Secularism - It means equal respect to all religions. The state does not favour the people of any particular religion.

Q 28. Developing economy faces special problems of Unemployment. Write 3 factors responsible for these problems. (3)
Ans. 28 (i) New jobs have not been available in the secondary and the tertiary sectors of the economy and there has been excessive pressure on land.

(ii) The growth of the agricultural sector itself has been slow and tardy. Productivity in agriculture has been verylow due to institutional and technological factors. Therefore, agriculture has not been able to make full use of the available labour potential. This has further accentuated the problem of seasonal and disguised unemployment which has extended itself further to spread out in the forms of urban unemployment.

(iii) The education system in the country too has failed to respond to their existing inter-generational escape. School and colleges do not provide occupational and vocational training nor functional literacy from which all future skilled, educated professional and managerial manpower is drawn. The system as such has rather failed to deliver the goods in the manner in which it should.

Q 29(i) Distinguish between 'disguised unemployment' and 'seasonal unemployment'. (2)
Ans. 29 (a) When more people are engaged in a job than actually required, they are called disguisedly unemployed. If a part of the labour force is withdrawn and the total productivity remains unchanged, this withdrawn labour will be known as disguisedly unemployed labour.

Generally, seasonal unemployment is confined to the agricultural sector because nature predominates in agriculture. The demand for agricultural labour increases at the time of sowing and harvesting during the interval between sowing and harvesting, there is a fall in employment.

(b) Disguised unemployment can be reduced by employing modern methods of cultivation, whereas seasonal unemployment can be reduced by encouraging rural/cottage industries or rural / cottage industries or rural services in villages.

Q 29(ii) Explain with two reasons why Indian agriculture is in a relatively poor condition (2x1=2)
Ans. Indian agriculture is in a poor condition because of the following reasons:-
(a) The tenant has little incentive to increase his output, neither does he have the resources to do so.

(b) There are small and fragmented holding hindering improvement in the teachniques of production. Moreover, uneven distribution of land leaves a large section of the rural population either without any land or with uneconomic holdings.