CBSE Set Qa3 Social Science Sample Test Papers For Class 10th for students online

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Social Science Class - X  (CBSE)
You are on Set no 1 Answer 16 to 19

Section A - HISTORY

Q16) How is the President of India elected? Explain the legislative and financial powers of the President of India.
Ans16)
The President of India is elected indirectly by an electoral college which consists of elected members of the Legislative Assemblies of all the federating states and elected members of the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha. The voting power of an elected member of a vidhan Sabha is worked out by adopting the following formula

           Total population of the state              

Elected members of the Vidhan Sabha x 1000

The voting power of the elected members of the Parliament is worked out as per the formula given below

  Total Voting power of the state
Elected members of the Parliament

The election is by secret ballot according to the system of proportional representation by means of Single Transferable Vote System.
The Legislative powers of the Indian President may be discussed under the following head:-
(1) Power to summon and Prorogue Parliament and dissolve the Lok Sabha - The power to summon Parliament is subject to the condition that six months shall not exceed between the last sitting in one session and first sitting in the next session. The President can also dissolve the Lok Sabha and order fresh elections.
(ii) Nominating members to the House - The President nominates 12 members to the Raya Sabha having special knowledge or practical experience in respect of literature, science, art and social service. He can also nominate two members to the Lok Sabha from the Anglo Indian Community in case that community is not adequately represented in the House.
(iii) Assent to Legislation - Every Bill to become law requires President's assent. He may give his assent to the Bill or may refuse his assent. He can also send it back for reconsideration, if it is not a money Bill. In case the Bill is passed again by both Houses of Parliament with or without amendment , the President must give his assent thereto. Money Bills can be introduced in the Parliament only on his recommendation.
(iv) Power to promulgate Ordinances - The President can promulgate Ordinances at a time when both the Houses of Parliament are not in session and the President is satisfied that circumstances exist which render it necessary for him to take immediate action. The Ordinance so promulgated is laid before both houses of Parliament when they reassemble.
Financial Powers of the President
No money can be granted unless recommended by the President, nor can Money Bills be introduced except on his recommendation. The contingency Fund is placed at the disposal of the President to enable advances to be made for the purpose of meeting unforeseen expenditure. The expenditure, however, must afterwards be authorised by Parliament.
The President appoints the Finance Commission consisting of a chairman and few other members. The commission makes recommendations to the President on some specific financial matters.

OR


Why were the rights guaranteed by the Indian constitution know as 'Fundamental Rights' ? Explain the significance of any two Fundamental Rights (Marks 6)
Ans.
The rights guaranteed by the Indian Constitution are known as fundamental rights because, these are those basic conditions of social life which are essential for an individual for his all round development. These rights are basic to the principles of democracy. They constitute a number of freedoms which enable citizens to develop their talents by giving them opportunities for self-development. They give self - confidence to the citizens providing them equality of status and opportunity.
Right to equality
Equality is the foundation stone of any socialist republic. It is explicitly stated in the preamble to the constitution. The right to equality in our constitution deals with equality before law and equal protection of laws. It prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth. It guarantees equality of opportunity. It abolishes untouchability. It provides that the state will not confer any title on anyone except those of academic and military distinction. Thus the right to equality means the absence of legal discrimination against anyone individual, group, class or race. The state enforces the same law over all persons in the state and gives all persons equal rights and privileges in the protection of their civil liberties. Democracy, as it is, can only exist and flourish in a society of equals.
Right to Constitutional Remedies
This right provides for effective procedures for the enforcement of the Fundamental Rights guaranteed in the constitution. Without these procedures the Fundamental Rights will be meaningless. Article 32 confers the right to move Supreme Court whenever our rights are infringed or violated by the state action. The Supreme Court is authorised to issue writs of various kinds such as habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo warranto and certiorari for the enforcement of any of these rights.

SECTION C - GEOGRAPHY

Q17) In the given outline map of India, locate the following correctly with appropriate symbols and write the name of each item near its location:
17.1) River Ganga
17.2) Jammu & Kashmir State
17.3) The major sugarcane producing areas in north India
17.4) The river valley most famous for coal mining in India
17.5) Nepanagar  (Marks 1 x 5 = 5)
Ans17)

NOTE : The following question is for Blind candidates only in Lieu of Q17

Q17.1) Name the city where river Yamuna joins river Ganga
Q17.2) Name one state which is a southern neighbour of J & K state
Q17.3) Which state in India is the largest producer of sugarcane?
Q17.4) Name the river which is known for the largest deposits of 'black gold' in India
Q17.5) Name the industry associated with Nepanagar
A17.1)
Allahbad
A17.2) Punjab
A17.3) Uttar Pradesh
A17.4) River Damodar
A17.5) Newsprint Paper Mill

Q18) Study the data given below carefully and answer the following questions:-

Station Latitude Height above mean sea level (meters) Mean Monthly Temperature
(in oC)
Average Annual Rainfall (in mm)
Coldest Month Hottest Month
Delhi 29o N 219 14.4 (Jan.) 33.3(May, June) 670
Jodhpur 26o18 N 224 14.9 (Dec.) 33.9 (June) 366
Nagpur 21o9 N 312 20.7 (Dec.) 35.5 (May) 1242

Q18.1) Name the station which is farthest from the Equator. Also name the driest station (Marks 1)
Q18.2) Find out the annual range of temperature of Jodhpur. Show calculations. (Marks 1)
A18.1) Delhi lies farthest from the Equator at 29o N Jodhpur is the driest station as it receives only 366 mm of rainfall.
A18.2) Jodhpur has the highest range of temperature i.e., 39oC - 14.9oC = 19.0oC

NOTE : The following question is for Blind Candidates only in lieu of Q18

Q18) 'Delhi is rainier than Jodhpur' mention two reasons.
Ans18) Distribution of rainfall received by the south-west monsoon is governed by relief.
(i) Jodhpur lies on the leeward side of the Aravallis, thus the Bay of Bengal branch of the monsoon hardly gives it any rains.
(ii) The Arabian sea branch on the monsoon moves over the deserts of Rajasthan where Jodhpur is located without giving rain because of the extreme aridity. The Aravallis lie parallel to the wind direction thus winds moving over this areas give only scanty rain.
Delhi gets moderate rain as the Arabian sea branch of the monsoon meets the Bay of Bengal branch. These two branches jointly cause moderate rainfall to these areas.

Q19) Study the bar diagram given below carefully and answer the following questions.
Q19.1) Which one of the five countries leads in the percentage of cultivated area ? (Marks 1)
Q19.2) What rank does India hold in the percentage of forested area among the five countries ? (Marks 1)


Ans19.1) India leads in the percentage of cultivated area. It has over 50% of land under cultivation.
Ans19.2) India ranks fourth in the percentage of forested area.

NOTE : The following question is for Blind Candidates only in lieu of Q19

Q19) India has very little pasture land and yet it has the largest number of cattle. Give two reasons for this.
Ans19) Today, India leads all the countries of the world in the number of cattle which account for 1/4th of the world's total cattle. But it has only 4% of land under pastures, which is very low by any standard. The reasons for this are the following:-
(a) The cattle in India are reared on husk, grain chaff and farm waste which in other countries are treated as waste but in India such things are used to rear up draught animals.
(b) Some areas earmarked for forests are also usefully utilized for cattle grazing.

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