CBSE Set Qa3 Social Science Sample Test Papers For Class 10th for students online
Social
Science Class - X (CBSE)
You are on Set no 1 Answer 16 to 19
Section A - HISTORY
Q16) How is the
President of India elected? Explain the legislative and financial powers of the
President of India.
Ans16) The President of India is elected indirectly by an electoral college
which consists of elected members of the Legislative Assemblies of all the
federating states and elected members of the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha. The
voting power of an elected member of a vidhan Sabha is worked out by adopting
the following formula
Total population of
the state
Elected members of the Vidhan Sabha x 1000
The voting power of the elected members of the Parliament is worked out as per
the formula given below
Total Voting power of the state
Elected members of the Parliament
The election is by secret ballot according to the system of proportional
representation by means of Single Transferable Vote System.
The Legislative powers of the Indian President may be discussed under the
following head:-
(1) Power to summon and Prorogue Parliament and dissolve the Lok Sabha - The
power to summon Parliament is subject to the condition that six months shall not
exceed between the last sitting in one session and first sitting in the next
session. The President can also dissolve the Lok Sabha and order fresh
elections.
(ii) Nominating members to the House - The President nominates 12 members to the
Raya Sabha having special knowledge or practical experience in respect of
literature, science, art and social service. He can also nominate two members to
the Lok Sabha from the Anglo Indian Community in case that community is not
adequately represented in the House.
(iii) Assent to Legislation - Every Bill to become law requires President's
assent. He may give his assent to the Bill or may refuse his assent. He can also
send it back for reconsideration, if it is not a money Bill. In case the Bill is
passed again by both Houses of Parliament with or without amendment , the
President must give his assent thereto. Money Bills can be introduced in the
Parliament only on his recommendation.
(iv) Power to promulgate Ordinances - The President can promulgate Ordinances at
a time when both the Houses of Parliament are not in session and the President
is satisfied that circumstances exist which render it necessary for him to take
immediate action. The Ordinance so promulgated is laid before both houses of
Parliament when they reassemble.
Financial Powers of the President
No money can be granted unless recommended by the President, nor can Money
Bills be introduced except on his recommendation. The contingency Fund is placed
at the disposal of the President to enable advances to be made for the purpose
of meeting unforeseen expenditure. The expenditure, however, must afterwards be
authorised by Parliament.
The President appoints the Finance Commission consisting of a chairman and few
other members. The commission makes recommendations to the President on some
specific financial matters.
OR
Why were the rights guaranteed by the Indian constitution
know as 'Fundamental Rights' ? Explain the significance of any two Fundamental
Rights (Marks 6)
Ans. The rights guaranteed by the Indian Constitution are known as
fundamental rights because, these are those basic conditions of social life
which are essential for an individual for his all round development. These
rights are basic to the principles of democracy. They constitute a number of
freedoms which enable citizens to develop their talents by giving them
opportunities for self-development. They give self - confidence to the citizens
providing them equality of status and opportunity.
Right to equality
Equality is the foundation stone of any socialist republic. It is explicitly
stated in the preamble to the constitution. The right to equality in our
constitution deals with equality before law and equal protection of laws. It
prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of
birth. It guarantees equality of opportunity. It abolishes untouchability. It
provides that the state will not confer any title on anyone except those of
academic and military distinction. Thus the right to equality means the absence
of legal discrimination against anyone individual, group, class or race. The
state enforces the same law over all persons in the state and gives all persons
equal rights and privileges in the protection of their civil liberties.
Democracy, as it is, can only exist and flourish in a society of equals.
Right to Constitutional Remedies
This right provides for effective procedures for the enforcement of the
Fundamental Rights guaranteed in the constitution. Without these procedures the
Fundamental Rights will be meaningless. Article 32 confers the right to move
Supreme Court whenever our rights are infringed or violated by the state action.
The Supreme Court is authorised to issue writs of various kinds such as habeas
corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo warranto and certiorari for the enforcement
of any of these rights.
SECTION C - GEOGRAPHY
Q17) In the
given outline map of India, locate the following correctly with appropriate
symbols and write the name of each item near its location:
17.1) River Ganga
17.2) Jammu & Kashmir State
17.3) The major sugarcane producing areas in north India
17.4) The river valley most famous for coal mining in India
17.5) Nepanagar (Marks 1 x 5 = 5)
Ans17)
NOTE : The following question is for Blind candidates only in Lieu of Q17
Q17.1) Name
the city where river Yamuna joins river Ganga
Q17.2) Name one state which is a southern neighbour of J & K state
Q17.3) Which state in India is the largest producer of sugarcane?
Q17.4) Name the river which is known for the largest deposits of 'black gold' in
India
Q17.5) Name the industry associated with Nepanagar
A17.1) Allahbad
A17.2) Punjab
A17.3) Uttar Pradesh
A17.4) River Damodar
A17.5) Newsprint Paper Mill
Q18) Study the data given below carefully and answer the following questions:-
Station | Latitude | Height above mean sea level (meters) | Mean
Monthly Temperature (in oC) |
Average Annual Rainfall (in mm) | |
Coldest Month | Hottest Month | ||||
Delhi | 29o N | 219 | 14.4 (Jan.) | 33.3(May, June) | 670 |
Jodhpur | 26o18 N | 224 | 14.9 (Dec.) | 33.9 (June) | 366 |
Nagpur | 21o9 N | 312 | 20.7 (Dec.) | 35.5 (May) | 1242 |
Q18.1) Name the station which
is farthest from the Equator. Also name the driest station (Marks 1)
Q18.2) Find out the annual range of temperature of Jodhpur. Show
calculations. (Marks 1)
A18.1) Delhi lies farthest from the Equator at 29o N Jodhpur
is the driest station as it receives only 366 mm of rainfall.
A18.2) Jodhpur has the highest range of temperature i.e., 39oC
- 14.9oC = 19.0oC
NOTE : The following question is for Blind Candidates only in lieu of Q18
Q18) 'Delhi is
rainier than Jodhpur' mention two reasons.
Ans18) Distribution of rainfall received by the south-west monsoon is
governed by relief.
(i) Jodhpur lies on the leeward side of the Aravallis, thus the Bay of Bengal
branch of the monsoon hardly gives it any rains.
(ii) The Arabian sea branch on the monsoon moves over the deserts of Rajasthan
where Jodhpur is located without giving rain because of the extreme aridity. The
Aravallis lie parallel to the wind direction thus winds moving over this areas
give only scanty rain.
Delhi gets moderate rain as the Arabian sea branch of the monsoon meets the Bay
of Bengal branch. These two branches jointly cause moderate rainfall to these
areas.
Q19) Study the
bar diagram given below carefully and answer the following questions.
Q19.1) Which one of the five countries leads in the percentage of cultivated
area ? (Marks 1)
Q19.2) What rank does India hold in the percentage of forested area among the
five countries ? (Marks 1)
Ans19.1) India leads in the percentage of cultivated area. It has over
50% of land under cultivation.
Ans19.2) India ranks fourth in the percentage of forested area.
NOTE : The following question is for Blind Candidates only in lieu of Q19
Q19) India has
very little pasture land and yet it has the largest number of cattle. Give two
reasons for this.
Ans19) Today, India leads all the countries of the world in the number of
cattle which account for 1/4th of the world's total cattle. But it has only 4%
of land under pastures, which is very low by any standard. The reasons for this
are the following:-
(a) The cattle in India are reared on husk, grain chaff and farm waste which in
other countries are treated as waste but in India such things are used to rear
up draught animals.
(b) Some areas earmarked for forests are also usefully utilized for cattle
grazing.
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