CBSE Set Qa2 Social Science Sample Test Papers For Class 10th for students online

Social Science Class - X  (CBSE)
You are on the answers 8 to 10 of Set I

SECTION - A - HISTORY

Q 8. Examine the nature of Fascist aggression between 1930 to 1938. Why were these aggressive activities not checked by the Allied Powers? (6)
Ans.8 Between the two world wars, the fascist powers like Japan, Italy and Germany violated all international rules and expanded their territories at a rapid speed. In 1931, Japan invaded veanchuria and occupied it. But England, France and USA kept quiet because they felt that Japan could be used to weaken China and airtail the powers of Russia. In 1935, Italy invaded Ethiopia and completed its conquest in 1936. Nothing substantial
was done to punish Italy. In 1936, Hitler's troops entered Rhineland and started its militarization, thus ignoring the terms of the Treaty of versailles. In 1938-39, the fascist powers installed an autocratic government in Spain in place of a popular government.

In 1938, Hitler's troops marched into Austria and occupied it. In 1938, Sudetanland, a part of Czechoslovakia with its large munition factories came under German occupation and in 1939, entire Czechoslovakia was occupied by Germany.

The Allied Powers, instead of resisting these aggressions followed a "Policy of appeasement". Since the Soviet Union had made much progress since 1917 and openly advocated against imperialism which could have shaken the very foundation of their empires, the Allied powers wanted to check her growth. Not only this, her efforts to spread communism throughout the world further terrified them. France and England were more afraid of communism than of dictatorship, so they appeased the fascist powers in a hope that they would check the rise of communism.


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Q 8. What does 'Resistance Movement' mean in the context of the Second World War? Explain with examples its role in weakening of the Fascist powers in Europe. (6)
Ans.8 The creation of the anti-fascist alliances facilitated the coming together of all anti- fascist forces in occupied countries and within the fascist countries. These resistance movements revolted against the fascist occupation of their countries.

A resistance movement was started in Poland after its conquest by Germany though it was ruthlessly crushed and about 2,50,000 people were killed but it made Hitler very unpopular.

In Yogoslavia, a resistance movement was launched by the Communist Party headed by Josip Broz Tito. Various partisan groups united to form the people's liberation Army. The partisans of this army organised uprisings and many parts of Yugoslavia were liberated by the end of 1944.

In France, the resistance movement was started by General de Gaulle. They carried out thousands of acts of sabotage against the Germans and their French collaborators. Many parts of France were thus liberated.

In Russia, a guerrila ware fare was started against the Germans on a large scale. The Germans ultimately had to withdraw from Russia after suffering heavy losses.

Even in Germany and Italy, the resistance movements were started against Hitler and Mussolini. Mussolini was shot dead while Hitler had a narrow escape.

All these resistance movements led to the weakening of the Fascist Powers in Europe.

Q 9. Critically examine the main aspects of Indian National Movement during the period between 1930 to 1947. (6)
Ans.9 During the period between 1930 -1947, the Indian National Movement truely became a mass movement as it stretched its social base to every nook and corner of the country. The year 1930 started with the celebration of the first independence day on 26th January.

Later the entire country joined Mahatma Gandhi in his civil disobedience movement. The famour Dandi March which ended with the breaking of salt law enthused the whole country to join Gandhi's crusade against the foreign rule.

Then came the 1935 Act and the fomation of Congress Ministries in 1937 in seven provinces. They tried to improve the condition of the masses by promoting civil liberties and cubred the powers of the police state. Meanwhile a number of left parties and leftist organizations were formed and there was a growth of trade unionism all over India.

The spread of the national movement to the princely states was the next major development during this period. Peasants were oppressed, civil liberties were suspended, serfdom, slavery and forced labour flourished in thse princely states. People now hegan to organise movements for democratic rights and popular government. In 1938, when the Congress defined its goal of independence it included the independence of the princely states as well.

Communalism was on a rise during this period with Jinnah propounding the two-nation theory and demanding a separate homeland for the Muslims. However, the out break of the second World War comlicated the matters further. Congress Ministries resigned and the famous Quit India movement started to throw the British out of India in 1942. The Cripps Mission failed to satisfy the Indians. However, the Govt. let loose a reign of terror and crushed the movement. INA was formed under subhash Chandra Bose to liberate India but his attempts were also unsuccessful.

The end of war saw the coming the Cabinet Mission to India in 1946. Break through came with clement Atlee's announcement in 1947 that the British would quit India. Finally the mountbatten plan was put forwarded and India was made free on 15th August, 1947 amidst communal riots and strife.


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Q 9. Analyse the reasons for nationalist upsurge in India after the second World War. (6)
Ans.9 Nationalist upsurge gathered strength after the second World War. The reasons being the following:-
The Second World War had changed the balance of power in the World. USA and USSR had taken the place of UK in being super-powers. The leaders in India were aware of this development and this gave them a further boost to fight against Britain. Moreover, USA and USSR supported India's demand for freedom and thus addes to her confidence.

Moreover, there took place a change in the Government in Britain from the Conservative to the Labour Party. The members of the new Labour Government had already supported the Congress demands before assuming powers. The nationalist leaders were sure that the labour government will speed up the process of transfer of powe and thus intensified the struggle.

The British soldiers were weary of war. Having fought and shed their blood for six years, they had no desire to spend many more years away from hom in India suppressing the Indian people's struggle for freedom. Moreover the British Indian government could not any longer rely on the Indian personnel of its civil administration and armed forces to suppress the national movement. Indian army, navy and Air Force went on strikes and organised revolts. The police and bureaucracy also showed signs of nationalist
leanings.

The confident and determined mood of the Indian people was now obvious. Numerous agitations, strikes, hartals and demonstrations took place all over the country especailly among the peasants and workers.

The British govt., therefore, sent in March, 1946 a Cabinet Mission to India to negociate with the Indian leaders the terms for the transfer of power to Indians.

Q10. On the given outline map of Asia mark and show the followiing: (3 marks)
(i) One colony of France before 1914
(ii) Two countries occupied by Japan after 1941.
Ans.

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Q 10. On the given outline map of India mark and show three places where important Congress sessions were held between 1905 - 1920. (3)
Ans.10

Note: The following question is for Blind candidates only in lieu of Q.10.

Q 10. Describe three contributions of Mahadev Govind Ranade.
Ans. 10 (i) He was the founder General Secretary of Indian Social Conference founded in 1887 A.D. which campaigned for reforming and modernizing the Indian Society.

(ii) Under his guidance the Indian Social Conference undertook the work of social reform all over the country.

(iii) He laid much emphasis on inter-caste marriages, abolition of caste system, widow remarriage and women education.


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Q10. Describe any three effects of the treaty of versailles on Germany. (3)
Ans. 10The severe terms of the Treaty of versailles practically crippled Germany:
(a) The coalmines in the 'Saar' region were ceded to France for 15 years.

(b) The strength of German army was limited to 1,00,000 troops and she was not allowed to have any airforce and submaries.

(c) Germany was required to pay a war indemnity of $6,500,000,000 and all her overseas colonies were taken away from her.

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